Advanced Journal of Environmental Science and ISSN: 2136-3468 Vol. 3 (1), pp. 101-109, February, 2016. © Advanced Scholars Journals 

Full length Research paper

Effects of Oil Spill from Black Marketing on the Soil and Health Quality in Kaduna State of Nigeria

^*1Yahya SI, ²Kamaruddeen AM, ³Ahmad G, and ⁴Aliyu HI

School of Technology Management, College of Business, University Utara Malaysia 06010, UUM Sintok, Kedah Darul Aman, Malaysia ¹

Department of Quantity Surveying, School of Built Environment, University College of Technology Sarawak, Sibu ²

Department of Environmental Science, College of Environmental Studies Kaduna polytechnic, Kaduna^1,3,&4

*Corresponding Author Email: [email protected]

Accepted 21 January, 2016.

Abstract 

This paper examines the effects of black marketing oil spills on the environmental in Chikun L.G.A of Kaduna state. Samples were collected at four (4) different points. Sample ‘A’ was collected at upside, sample ‘B’ from the major side, sample ‘C’ from the down side, and sample ‘D’ from the point where the soil is not contaminated with black market oil spill to act as the control. The Six (6) parameters that were examined from the samples are cadmium, lead, zinc, copper, organic carbon and pH. The research is covers only the area where the black market operators are prominent in Kaduna state of Nigeria. This area has close proximity to one of the Nigerian Petrochemical Refining Industry. The results of laboratory analysis, shows that the pH level of all the samples were within the accepted threshold limit with 7.29 as highest and 7.11 as lowest compared with FEPA 6-9 and USEPA 6-8; the result of all soil samples collected  to test for chemicals such as Cadmium has mean of 0.27, lead 2.31, Zinc 4.87, Copper 5.02 Organic Carbon 3.72 were also within the accepted threshold level set by both FEPA and USEPA. Based on the findings it was suggested that a better techniques should be used in the sales of the fuel to prevent and control the situation through the Federal Ministry of Environment, NOSDRA, NESREA and States Environmental Protection Agencies should sensitize the community by providing various effective monitoring and auditing mechanisms in order to ensure that the individuals comply with the safety of the environmental laws. In addition, oil spill response system should be enhanced by the respective stakeholders  to meet up with the requirement of world standard, especially ISO 18001. This endeavor can significantly address debilitating effects and impacts of this new trend of environmental pollution associated with local entrepreneurial economic venture.

Keywords: Effects of Black Marketing, Oil Spill, Soil pollution, Health Quality, Organic Carbon, Lead, Zinc, pH, Copper.